Platinized Titanium & Niobium Anode Dimensionally Stable Anode

Platinised Rod titanium and niobium Rod anodes are completely or partially covered with a fee microns of platinum (usually 2.5µm). Where the platinum is consumed after years of use, the underlying titanium or niobium passivates and the bath voltage rises at constant current operation. The base metals are not attacked at the usual operational voltages, in fluoride free chromium baths.

For most applications the platinum wear rate is very low and the corresponding anode life time high. In sulphuric acid chromium baths the platinum consumption is between 1g and 4g platinum per million amp hours. Careful design of the platinised anodes will increase their benefit and maximise their life span.  

Platinised titanium anodes combine the excellent electrochemical characteristics of platinum with the good corrosion qualities of titanium.  This anode is designed for Electro Plating application. They are characterised by the following features and advantages.

•          Energy saving potential

•          Low weight (in particular expanded metal anodes)

•          Long service time even at high current density

•          Dimensional stability, long durability of base material

•          Replating possible

•          Higher quality of end product

•          Application-specific design

Type of Platinised Titanium Anodes or Electrode we offer:-

Ø  Platinized Titanium Rod Anode

Ø  Platinised Titanium Wire Anode

Ø  Platinised Titanium Sheet / Plate Anode

Ø  Platinised Titanium Expanded Mesh Anode

Ø  Platinised Titanium Perforated anode

Ø  Platinised Titanium Basket anodes

Ø  Platinised Titanium Tube Anode

Ø  Platinised Titanium Disc anodes

Ø  Platinised Titanium Strip anodes

Ø  Platinised Titanium Slotted anodes etc…

According to the substrate material used, the platinized anodes are classified as

1.       Platinized Titanium anodes

2.       Platinized Niobium anodes

3.       Platinised zirconium anodes

4.       Platinised Tantalum anodes

Specifications of Platinized Titanium Anode:-

Tiaano platinum plated/ coated anodes are mesh or Sheet designed for use in electro plating / electro deposition baths for Rhodium Plating and or acid-based Gold solutions. The platinized Titanium mesh or sheet anodes comes with a stem are suspended in plating baths with the mesh portion immersed in the electroplating solution.

The electroplating process consists of the immersion of an object to be coated in a bath containing an anode. The object itself functions as the cathode. The bath is usually an aqueous solution of salts of the metal to be deposited. An electrolytic cell is produced when voltage is applied to the anode. The cathode being negative. Metal ions formed in the solution are attracted to the cathode where they gain electrons and deposit out of the solution onto the cathode surface as pure metal.

Benefits of Platinised Titanium Anodes for Electro Plating or Electro Deposition

Long life, dimensionally stable and easily fabricated into any shape

Homogeneous and long-lasting active surface

Energy savings with shaped anodes and small anode/cathode distances

Reduced environmental burden and reduced maintenance

Mesh anodes provide excellent throwing and can be used at high current densities

Easier handling and recoating

Considerations when converting from Lead to Platinised Titanium anodes

The service life of platinised titanium depends on both the electrolyte matrix and the applied current density. Therefore, in fluoride containing baths and at current densities >75 A/dm2 platinised niobium is recommended in preference to platinised titanium. For most applications the platinum wear rate is very low and the corresponding anode life time high. In sulphuric acid chromium baths the platinum consumption is between 1g and 4g platinum per million amp hours. Careful design of the platinised anodes will increase their benefit and maximize their life span. Platinum pated titanium anodes provide a cost effective replacement for lead anodes in electro plating or hard chromium plating. They provide superior quality deposition and consistency resulting in increased productivity and throughput. Cost benefit analysis demonstrates that the higher initial investment in this technology can be recouped within a short period of time.

Tiaano manufacturing different dimensions and Shapes of platinum or platinised electrode for water ionizers. The essential components of the ionization chamber are its two collecting electrodes, (the anode and cathode) the anode is positively charged with respect to the cathode. Water Ionizer Electrodes [Anodes or Cathodes] are available with hanging hook, frame or band in the form of sheet, expanded mesh, pipe, wire, rod and custom built. 

The best water to drink is alkalized or ionized water, which is produced by running normal tap water over a positive (platinized anode) and a negative (platinised cathode) electrode. This creates positive and negative ions in the water that are then separated creating two different waters, one that is alkaline and one that is acidic.

Alkaline water is for flushing out internal toxins, scavenging free radicals, and oxygenating the body. Acid water, which is really a by-product of ionizing water, can be used externally for cleansing the skin, cleaning any surface and feeding your plants.

Most good ionizers on the market use electrodes made of platinum plated titanium. Titanium will not dissolve in your ionized water as the cheaper metals like stainless steel does. The ionizer uses grade 1 titanium (as per ASTM Standard) electrodes to be plated with a good electrical conductor. Stainless steel was used for Water Ionizer electrodes in the late 1980's and was found not be a suitable material because they did not last more than a  few years.

Advantages of platinized Titanium Anode:-

Long operating life

Maintenance-free.

Economical due to low platinum requirements.

High dimensional stability and load resistance.

Good current distribution.

High corrosion resistance

Low weight.

The significant expertise in the design and manufacture of Platinised Titanium Anodes and Cathodes have allowed the Electrodes to be at the forefront of metal electro plating systems, whilst affording us the ability to refurbish, repair and replace anodes in electro plating systems. Platinised Titanium and Niobium Anodes for Chrome Plating Baths / Printing Rollers for hard chromium plating of rotogravure cylinders or piston rings - our semicircular, anodes are very well adapt to the cylinder shape cathodes.  In principle, there are different types of electrodes are used with one or two bows and baths.

How Electroplating Works (Electrodes - Platinised Cylindrical Anode or Platinised Cylindrical Cathode

Electroplating is the application of electrolytic cells in which a thin layer of metal is deposited onto an electrically conductive surface. A cell consists of two electrodes (conductors), usually made of Titanium with Platinum plating, which are held apart from one another. The electrodes are immersed in an electrolyte (a solution).

When an electric current is turned on, positive ions in the electrolyte move to the negatively charged electrode, called the cathode. Positive ions are atoms with one electron too few. When they reach the cathode, they combine with electrons and lose their positive charge.

At the same time, negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode, called the anode. Negatively charged ions are atoms with one electron too many. When they reach the positive anode, they transfer their electrons to it and lose their negative charge.

Significant factors in Electro Plating Process / Baths

•          The voltage level of current.

•          The temperature and chemical composition of the bath.

•          The current length of time.

•          The distance between the cathode and the anode.

Platinised Titanium Anodes are exclusively used in the Electro Plating Process. Tiaano Electrodes has the technology to platinum titanium substrates in the form of plate, wire, rod, tube, plate and mesh. Furthermore, we have the ability to manufacture complex fabricated anodes. The external surface of all platinised titanium anodes is essentially pure platinum which exhibits all the normal characteristics of the wrought metal as far as corrosion behaviour is concerned. The secret of the quality of a platinised anode lies in the nature of the interface between the platinum and the titanium. It is well known that normal untreated titanium presents a very inert and intractable surface when it comes to applying precious metal coatings. That this problem was overcome to an adequate extent is demonstrated by the wide acceptance of platinised titanium anodes in different industries throughout the world. Although there are still many platinum electroplated anodes produced without an adequate interlayer, they are used for less demanding applications.

What is Electroplating?

Electroplating involves passing an electric current through a solution called an electrolyte. This is done by dipping two terminals called electrodes into the electrolyte and connecting them into a circuit with a battery or other power supply. The electrodes and electrolyte are made from carefully chosen elements or compounds. When the electricity flows through the circuit they make, the electrolyte splits up and some of the metal atoms it contains are deposited in a thin layer on top of one of the electrodes—it becomes electroplated. All kinds of metals can be plated in this way, including gold, silver, tin, zinc, copper, cadmium, chromium, nickel, platinum, and lead.

Electroplating is very similar to electrolysis (using electricity to split up a chemical solution), which is the reverse of the process by which power supply produce electric currents. All these things are examples of electrochemistry: chemical reactions caused by or producing electricity that give scientifically or industrially useful end-products.

Materials we handle in the field of …

Chlor Alkali / Caustic Soda, Petro Chemical, ClO2 Plants, Fertilizers, Pulp & Paper Industries, Chlorate Industries, Bulk Drugs, Pharmaceuticals, Power & Desalination, Acetic Acid Plants, Refineries, Defense, Aerospace, Fine chemical industries etc…

Platinised Ionization Electrode:

Tiaano manufacturing different sizes and Shapes of platinised Titanium Electrodes for water ionizers. The essential components of the ionization chamber are its two collecting electrodes, (the anode and cathode) the anode is positively charged with respect to the cathode.

The Platinum Titanium electrodes create the ionization, the electrode cell is the heart of an ionizer. It consists of a series of electrodes (plates), each separated by a membrane. The Platinized Titanium Mesh Anode is mostly used, because it has outstanding practical performance, such as strong ability of ionization release, good exchange of electrolyte, close structure and light weight, etc.

Why platinum Anodes in Ionization process:

Most good ionizers on the market use electrodes made of platinum plated titanium. Titanium will not dissolve in your ionized water as the cheaper metals like stainless steel does. The ionizer uses grade 1 titanium (as per ASTM Standard) electrodes to be plated with a good electrical conductor. Stainless steel was used for Water Ionizer electrodes in the late 1980's and was found not be a suitable material because they did not last more than a  few years.

Also Increase anode lifetime without sacrificing quality, Maintain predictable and stable electrode position rates, a low consumption rate that conserves precious platinum, Favorable dimensional stability, Corrosion resistance ensures durability with easy maintainability, Light weight.

Platinum coated anodes are available in the following forms:

Platinum Coated Titanium Rod Anode, Platinum Coated Titanium Wire Anode, Platinum Coated Titanium Sheet / Plate Anode, Platinum Coated Titanium Expanded Mesh Anode, Platinum Coated Titanium Perforated anode, Platinum Coated Titanium Tube Anode, Platinum Coated Titanium Disc anodes, Platinum Coated Titanium Strip anodes, Platinum Coated Titanium Slotted anodes etc…

According to the substrate material used, the platinized anodes are classified as Platinized Titanium anodes and Platinized Niobium anodes.

The Platinum Titanium electrodes create the ionization, the electrode cell is the heart of an ionizer. It consists of a series of electrodes (plates), each separated by a membrane. The Platinized Titanium Mesh Anode is mostly used, because it has outstanding practical performance, such as strong ability of ionization release, good exchange of electrolyte, close structure and light weight, etc.

Anode Side: Platinum Plated Titanium Anode

Positively charged ions gather at the negative electrode to create reduced water, which concentrates available alkaline minerals, such as calcium, magnesium and potassium from the source water. This alkaline ionized water is drawn for drinking and cooking, through the main stainless steel spout.

Cathode Side: Platinum Plated Titanium Cathode

Negatively charged ions gather at the positive electrode to make oxidized water, which concentrates acid minerals such as nitrates, sulfides, chlorides, and fluorides from the source water. This acid ionized water has a myriad of external uses. It is discharged into the sink.

Advantages of Platinized Titanium Anodes in Ionization:-

Platinized anodes are having high current resistance

Economical due to minimum platinum requirement

Platinised anode is very high dimensional stability

Platinized anodes are having better conduction properties

Platinized anodes are having long life

Specification of Platinized Anodes in Ionization:-

Material: Platinized titanium anode (Platinum plated titanium anode)

Technology: Sand blasting, Acid washing, Electro Deposition Process

Dimension and Shape: Different dimension and shape is available, or according to custom's drawing or Design

Working Equipment: Water ionizer (Water Ionization Electrode Assembly)

Features: Effective& environment friendly method, High anti-corrosion property, High current efficiency property, Low chlorine evolution voltage, High catalytic property, Long lifetime, Light weight electrodes and Keep the operating voltage stably etc…

Types of Water Ionizer Anodes Tiaano offer:-

Platinum Plated Mesh Anode

Platinum Plated Sheet / Flat Anode

Platinum Plated Perforated Sheet Anode

Platinum Plated Slotted Sheet Anode

Platinum Plated Rod Anode

Platinum Plated Seamless Tube Anode

Platinised Titanium and Niobium Anodes for Chrome Plating Baths / Printing Rollers for hard chromium plating of rotogravure cylinders or piston rings - our semicircular, anodes are very well adapt to the cylinder shape cathodes.  In principle, there are different types of anodes are used with one or two bows and baths.

Why platinum Anodes in Electro Plating process: Increase anode lifetime without sacrificing quality, Maintain predictable and stable electrode position rates, A low consumption rate that conserves precious platinum, Favorable dimensional stability, Corrosion resistance ensures durability with easy maintainability, Light weight, as well as favorable current distribution in electroplating.

Dense crystalline layer structure and thereby good mechanical properties; Even metal distribution of the platinum layer and optimal adhesion of the titanium mesh; Long lasting (approx. 8 g platinum per 1 million Ah are removed per bath) and dimensionally stable; the base material or substrate is reusable after re-plating.  No maintenance of anodes necessary; Constant conductivity of the anodes; Very short distance from the electrode to the articles (cylinder - 4-6 cm.).  Chrome plating is essentially faster and a chrome layer is very even (cause an even current distribution and enable the use of a higher current density), due to the constant electrolyte flow through anode mesh.

What is Electroplating?

Electroplating involves passing an electric current through a solution called an electrolyte. This is done by dipping two terminals called electrodes into the electrolyte and connecting them into a circuit with a battery or other power supply. The electrodes and electrolyte are made from carefully chosen elements or compounds. When the electricity flows through the circuit they make, the electrolyte splits up and some of the metal atoms it contains are deposited in a thin layer on top of one of the electrodes—it becomes electroplated. All kinds of metals can be plated in this way, including gold, silver, tin, zinc, copper, cadmium, chromium, nickel, platinum, and lead.

Electroplating is very similar to electrolysis (using electricity to split up a chemical solution), which is the reverse of the process by which batteries produce electric currents. All these things are examples of electrochemistry: chemical reactions caused by or producing electricity that give scientifically or industrially useful end-products.

Tiaano manufacturing different sizes and Shapes of platinised Titanium Electrodes for water ionizers. The essential components of the ionization chamber are its two collecting electrodes, (the anode and cathode) the anode is positively charged with respect to the cathode.

The ionizer uses grade 1 titanium electrodes to be plated with a good electrical conductor with longevity built to last 10 years that will also not dissolve during electrolysis. Stainless steel was used for Water Ionizer electrodes in the late 1980's and was found not be a suitable material because they did not last more than a few years. The industry began using titanium platinum-coated Anode in the early 1990's because of its design life.

Types of Water Ioniser (Ionisation) Electrodes:-

Platinum Plated Titanium Mesh Anode and Cathode

Platinum Plated Titanium Sheet / Flat Anode and Cathode

Platinum Plated Titanium Perforated Sheet Anode and Cathode

Platinum Plated Titanium Slotted Sheet Anode and Cathode

Platinum Plated Titanium Rod Anode and Cathode

Platinum Plated Titanium Seamless Tube Anode and Cathode

Specification for Ioniser (Ionisation) Electrodes:-

Electrode: Platinised Titanium Anode and Platinised Titanium Cathode

Substrate Grade (Titanium): 1 or 2

Substrate Shape (Titanium): Expanded mesh, Sheet or Flat, Rod, Tube etc…

Substrate Purity (Titanium): 99%

Catalyst Purity (Platinum): 99.99%

Platinum Plating Thickness: 0.5 Micron or 1.0 Micron (Based on Condition)

Assembly: 5 plates and 7 plates etc…

Dimension: Standard and Custom Made

General Key benefits of Platinum Plated Electrodes:-

Electrodes [Anodes or Cathodes] are available with hanging hook, frame or band in the form of sheet, mesh, pipe, wire, rod and custom built.  Platinised titanium anode is used in electrolytes having no fluoride. Platinised niobium anodes are used in electrolytes having fluoride, where we need better conduction (its conductivity is three times of titanium) and also it is suitable for Sulphuric acid chromium plating bath operated at current density greater than 75A / dm². 

Platinized Anodes (Pt. Anode) are produced by plating platinum (Pt) on a specially treated precious metal (Titanium / Niobium) by means of electro deposition process. They are economical as well as it retains the superior physical and chemical properties. There are many advantages as below.

General advantages for Titanium Anode with Platinum Plating or Platinised Titanium Anode:-

1.         Titanium gives corrosion resistance in most electrolytes. Titanium itself will act as a conductor of current without passing current into the electrolyte.

2.         With the application of a thin layer of platinum onto the titanium surface the current will pass along the titanium and enter the electrolyte through the platinum surface with the exposed surfaces of the titanium remaining inactive. The platinized area of the anode will operate at current densities of up to 100 amperes per square ft. of surface area.

3.         The electrical resistance of titanium is high and where solid rods or plates are used it is essential to design with adequate cross sections of titanium and with the shortest current paths to the platinum surface, thus avoiding high volt drops.

4.         Where long lengths of platinized titanium are required to improve the electrical resistance, titanium is formed over copper and the platinum skip-plated onto the titanium. This provides the most economic installation with the best relationship between current density and volt drop.

5.         It is recommended that rectifier 3 phase AC is used and the voltage between anode and electrolyte should be less than 10 volts.

Platinized titanium anodes are suitable for used in impressed current system for jetties, pipelines protected by deep well ground beds, power stations and water storage tanks. Also the major application of Chlorate & perchlorate production, Eectro-chlorination, Electroplating, Sewage treatment, Electro synthesis, Electro Chlorination, Water Treatment, Water Ionization, Waste Water treatment, Sewage Treatment, Effluent Treatment etc…